Are adrenal nodules common? Yes. In fact, they’re more common than many people realize. One large study that reviewed more than 65,000 CT scans found an adrenal mass in about 5% of patients. Based on other studies, this incidence can be up to 10% in older ages.
So what does it mean if you have one? The next step is determining what the nodule looks like on imaging and whether it is producing hormones.
Why Was an Adrenal Nodule Found on My CT or MRI?
Adrenal nodules are often found by chance during imaging performed for another reason. You may have a CT scan or MRI to evaluate another health concern, and the imaging reveals a nodule on one or both of your adrenal glands.
Because these nodules are discovered unexpectedly, they are sometimes called adrenal incidentalomas.
The adrenal glands are small glands located above each kidney. They produce hormones that help regulate many important functions throughout the body, including:
- Blood pressure
- Blood sugar
- Metabolism
- Stress response
- Electrolyte balance
Once an adrenal nodule is discovered, an endocrinologist can help determine whether it appears benign, and whether it is nonfunctioning, meaning it does not produce excess hormones, or functioning, meaning it produces more hormones than the body needs.
Are Most Adrenal Nodules Cancerous?
Fortunately, most adrenal nodules are not cancerous. About 75-96% are nonfunctioning and benign.
Adrenocortical carcinoma, a rare type of adrenal cancer, accounts for a very small percentage of adrenal incidentalomas (roughly 0.06%).
Even when an adrenal nodule is not cancerous, it is still important to have it properly evaluated to ensure it is not getting too large or creating excess hormones.
Can an Adrenal Nodule Cause Symptoms?
Many people with adrenal nodules have no symptoms at all.
When symptoms occur, they may be related to excess hormone production. Depending on the hormone involved, symptoms may include:
- High blood pressure
- Unexplained weight gain
- Muscle weakness
- Changes in blood sugar
- Easy bruising
- Headaches
- Sweating
- A rapid or pounding heartbeat
Some people may have subtle hormone changes without obvious symptoms, which is one reason hormone testing may be recommended after an adrenal nodule is discovered.
Does Every Adrenal Nodule Need Treatment or Surgery?
No.
Many adrenal nodules do not require surgery or other treatment.
Treatment depends on several factors, including:
- The size of the nodule
- How it looks on imaging
- Whether it is producing excess hormones
- Whether it is growing
- Your symptoms and overall health
Some nodules may simply need monitoring, while others may require additional evaluation or surgery.
Your endocrinologist can help determine the right approach for your specific situation.
Consult with an Endocrinologist in Austin, TX
Our board certified endocrinologists provide comprehensive evaluation, hormone testing, long-term monitoring, and personalized treatment plans for adrenal nodules and other adrenal disorders.
To schedule an appointment at our Central Austin, South Austin or Round Rock office, request an appointment online or call (512) 458-8400.
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